![]() ![]() Further, these scores have been categorized into high, unclear, and low risk of bias using Review Manager Software version 5.3. The studies with scores 9–7 are good studies, 5–6 scores are satisfactory studies, and 0–4 scores are unsatisfactory studies. The higher the score, the better the quality of the study. Stars have been converted into scores for our convenience. A maximum of two stars are often given for comparability. A study is often awarded a maximum of one star for each item in the selection and outcome categories. For cohort studies, the quality score was based on the following categories: selection, comparability, and outcome. The methodological quality of the selected articles which was assessed using the Newcastle‒Ottawa Form for cohort studies is summarized in Table 3. ![]() The tool used for quality assessment is by Newcastle‒Ottawa Quality Assessment Form for cohort studies. The final analysis included ten cohort studies. ![]() Quality assessment of the included studies The two methods showed a statistically significant ( P<0.05) difference in the detection rate of cleft palateģD ultrasound can improve the accuracy of the cleft palate The visualization rate was affected by the quality of the 3D dataset ( P0.05) difference of two- and three-dimensional ultrasound detection rate of the pure cleft lip two-dimensional ultrasound cleft palate detection rate was 36.8% (7/19), and three-dimensional ultrasound cleft palate detection rate was 89.5% (17/19). Secondary palate clefts were confirmed in all six cases and missed in one, which was diagnosed at 16 weeks. The secondary palate was classified intact in 217 (90%), 6 cleft (3%), and indeterminate in 17 (7%). 7 out of 9 fetuses had the cleft of primary palate confirmed (false-positive rate 0.9% 2/231). Out of 240 cases, using offline analysis, the primary palate was intact in 229 (95%), cleft in 9 (4%), and indeterminate in 2 (1%). ![]()
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